Translate Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS)

Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS)

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The <strong>Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS)</strong> is a widely used self-report screening instrument developed to assess symptoms commonly associated with depression and emotional distress.
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The SDS was developed by psychiatrist William W.K. Zung to help measure the emotional, psychological, cognitive, and physical symptoms frequently experienced during depressive states.
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The questionnaire evaluates mood symptoms, hopelessness, sleep difficulties, fatigue, irritability, physical discomfort, reduced enjoyment, concentration difficulties, and negative emotional thinking patterns associated with depressive disorders.
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<h4>Psychological Domains Measured</h4>
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<strong>Depressed Mood</strong>
<span>Measures sadness, emotional suffering, low mood, and depressive emotional functioning.</span>
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<strong>Positive Mood</strong>
<span>Measures optimism, positive emotional outlook, and emotional resilience.</span>
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<strong>Crying and Emotional Distress</strong>
<span>Measures tearfulness, emotional sensitivity, and emotional overwhelm.</span>
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<strong>Sleep Difficulties</strong>
<span>Measures insomnia, disrupted sleep quality, and nighttime restlessness.</span>
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<strong>Appetite and Eating Patterns</strong>
<span>Measures appetite changes, eating behavior, and weight-related concerns.</span>
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<strong>Physical and Somatic Symptoms</strong>
<span>Measures bodily discomfort, constipation, rapid heartbeat, and physical stress-related symptoms.</span>
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<strong>Fatigue and Low Energy</strong>
<span>Measures tiredness, low energy, exhaustion, and reduced physical motivation.</span>
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<strong>Cognitive Functioning</strong>
<span>Measures concentration, mental clarity, decision-making, and cognitive confidence.</span>
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<strong>Restlessness and Irritability</strong>
<span>Measures agitation, irritability, nervous tension, and difficulty remaining calm.</span>
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<strong>Hopelessness and Self-Worth</strong>
<span>Measures hopefulness, self-esteem, usefulness, and feelings of emotional value.</span>
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<strong>Suicidal Thoughts</strong>
<span>Measures thoughts related to death, hopelessness, and suicidal thinking.</span>
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<strong>Loss of Enjoyment</strong>
<span>Measures reduced pleasure, emotional disengagement, and loss of interest in enjoyable experiences.</span>
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The SDS is commonly used in psychology, psychiatry, healthcare, counseling, and research settings. The questionnaire is intended as a screening instrument and should not be used as a standalone diagnostic tool.
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This questionnaire is designed to be completed by adults and adolescents based on their recent emotional and psychological experiences.

Participants select the response option that best describes how often they have experienced each symptom, thought, emotion, or physical difficulty.

The assessment focuses on depressive symptoms, emotional well-being, physical symptoms, cognitive functioning, sleep, appetite, and emotional distress during recent functioning.

This assessment is intended for educational, screening, and research purposes only.

Results should not be considered a clinical diagnosis or substitute for professional psychological, psychiatric, or medical evaluation.

Individuals experiencing severe emotional distress, hopelessness, suicidal thoughts, or major impairment in daily functioning are strongly encouraged to seek support from a qualified mental health professional or healthcare provider.

Responses are scored on a 1–4 scale according to symptom frequency and severity.

Several positively worded items are reverse-scored to reflect emotional well-being and healthy functioning.

Higher scores generally indicate stronger depressive symptoms, emotional distress, hopelessness, fatigue, physical discomfort, and functional impairment.

The SDS is commonly used as a screening tool to help identify individuals who may benefit from additional psychological or psychiatric evaluation.

I feel down hearted and blue.

Morning is when I feel the best.

I have crying spells or feel like it.

I have trouble sleeping at night.

I eat as much as I used to.

I still enjoy sex.

I notice that I am losing weight.

I have trouble with constipation.

My heart beats faster than usual.

I get tired for no reason.

My mind is as clear as it used to be.

I find it easy to do the things I used to.

I am restless and can’t keep still.

I feel hopeful about the future.

I am more irritable than usual.

I find it easy to make decisions.

I feel that I am useful and needed.

My life is pretty full.

I feel that others would be better off if I were dead.

I still enjoy the things I used to do.